Coping with Swine Flu in India

Swine flu has finally arrived in India.

So far 4 people have died and 782 people are confirmed to be infected with the virus and are undergoing treatment in designated government hospitals. The deaths have been in Pune, Mumbai and Ahmedabad, while Pune seems to be the worst hit. Strangely, school children appear to be seriously affected and many schools have shut down for a week or more.

Last week when I was in Mumbai a colleague called up in the evening. His 8 years old daughter was having a high fever and flu like symptoms. He had taken her to Max Hospital in Saket in New Delhi and he had been referred by the paediatrician to a government owned facility in Malviya Nagar for suspected swine flu. ‘The doctor did not even touch her, heard us while we explained the symptoms and promptly referred us to the government hospitals for tests. The government hospital admitted her for observation and now we do not know what to do. I fear even if my kid does not have swine flu, she is likely to catch it in the hospital’ explained my colleague Vijay Jain.

Another colleague in Mumbai, who was coughing and sneezing, had a bad throat and a fever decided not to come to work for a few days. He felt that it wasn’t right for him to put others in office at risk.

These are tough calls. It is difficult for doctors to diagnose Swine Flu from the symptoms a patient presents. If the flu like symptoms are a little severe thay have no choice but to refer patients to the designated hospitals for tests, which means a patient has to visit a hospital, which has confirmed cases of Swine Flu and is therefore exposed to the disease. It is really a catch 22 situation.

In this situation the best thing to do would be to avoid going to busy public places, which are closed, particularly malls, airports, cinema theatres and yes offices and schools.

It would also help not to panic if one develops flu like symptoms. Afterall flu, that is the normal flu is a lot more prevalent than the swine flu and kills many more people every year. Mortality rate due to swine flu is still quite low, less than 7 per thousand. Statistically this is not a big cause of concern.

The government on its part must involve some private hospitals in combating the epidemic. It would help if a few private hospitals were allowed to test blood samples for the disease and admit patients in secluded wards. Large private hospitals are certainly more than capable of maintaining the records, treating the patients and ensuring that the disease remains in check. Additional testing and treatment centres will also help in instilling greater confidence in the public.

The government must also embark on a public awareness campaign. It must use mass media to educate the public about the disease, its symptoms, diagnostic procedure, treatment and prognosis. While I have noticed some advertising, it is hardly adequate.

Finally, the media must behave responsibly. In a situation like this it is indeed easy to create panic and cause mayhem by irresponsible journalism. It is the duty of all journalists to report objectively without resorting to unnecessary sensationalism and devoting too much media space to stories related to the spread of the disease.

Last but not the least, let us spare a thought for folks in the medical profession. They are at great personal risk in handling infectious patients. However, this is part and parcel of their calling. They must take all possible precautions, while providing succor and care to all those who seek their helHospital,p.

At the end of the day all of us are at risk. It is really up to us to exercise caution and help in whatever small way we can to fight the disease.

Pic courtesy www.flickr.com

Some names have been changed to protect privacy

Compulsory Rural Postings After MBBS

The Hindustan Times reported a few weeks ago that the Union Health Minister Dr. Anbumani Ramdoss has announced that young medical graduates, fresh out of medical schools will now have to mandatorily serve one year in rural and semi-urban centres in India.

Dr. Ramdoss believes that this will help in augmenting healthcare services in these parts of the country. It is well known that in the Indian hinterlands the availabilty of healthcare services is pathetic.  In villages, where more than 66% of India lives, it is rare to find a qualified doctor. In semi-urban centres too modern, good quality and reliable healthcare is largely unavailable.    

The government has set up a network of Primary Healthcare Centres in the rural areas. However, these centres are mostly crumbling buildings with poor or non existant medical infrastructure. The doctors posted in these back of the beyond places are mostly conspicuous by their absence. District Hospitals established in all district head quarters are also in a bad shape. The medical infrastructure is poor, doctors are poorly paid and are mostly buried under an avalanche of patients. 

While good quality healthcare remains out of the reach of most Indians living in rural and semi-urban India, their does seem to be a crying need for qualified doctors. However, I am not sure if a compulsory posting of young doctors is the solution.

The minister must recognise that young doctors passing out of India's medical colleges aspire to a career in medicine, which can afford them a modern and comfortable life. They see their peers passing out of fancy business schools choosing high profile careers in business . A doctor toils much harder-many years at the medical school to earn a grduate degree, followed by a gruelling post graduate course and than the struggle for a job in an intensely competitive medical world. Now to send them for one more year to the inhospitable Primary Healthcare Centres and District Hospitals appear to be cruel.

Moreover, one is not sure how competent fresh medical school graduates are and what quality of care will they be able to deliver in ill equipped and distant rural and semi urban medical centres, where they might have to work unsupervised. While, they may be much better than what we have today (assorted quacks), they will hardly be able to do justice to the demands of their profession.

While the minister might argue that since medical education in India is largely subsidised by the government and therefore it has a right to ask these young graduates to spend one year of their professional life working for the government in far flung inaccessible areas, this would hardly cut any ice. By the same logic shouldn't engineers, business and science graduates passing out of government owned colleges and Universities be also required to serve in remote areas. This can never work.

I do believe that there are no easy answers here. It will take many years for good quality healthcare services to 'trickle down' to these remote rural areas. For the moment, the government must provide roads and communication infrastructure, which allows patients to be quickly transported to urban centres, where relatively better healthcare is available. The government must offer incentives such as an option for subsidised post graduate education, health insurance and guaranteed employment for doctors, who choose to serve a year or more in rural hospitals. 

Last but not the least the government must improve its healthcare infrastructure. It must invest in better equipped facilities, ensure better hygiene and provide a better professional work environment. It can even experiment by involving private players in a model which guarantees minimum returns on private capital and the franchisee will guarantee far better and more efficient care.

At the end of the day, the government must try and attract young doctors rather than force them into rural postings.